Biography of annie besant wikipedia in hindi

Source — Chaltapurza. Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your contact details will not be published. Talk to an expert. Leaving already? Need help with? Country Preference UK. New Zealand. Which English test are you planning to take? Not Yet. Which academic test are you planning to take? Not Sure yet. When are you planning to take the exam? Already booked my exam slot.

Within 2 Months. Want to learn about the test. Which Degree do you wish to pursue? When do you want to start studying abroad? Besant made an abrupt public change in her political views, at the New Year's Day meeting of the London Dialectical Society, founded by Joseph Hiam Levy to promote individualist views. While Bradlaugh may have had the better of the debate, followers then began to migrate into left-wing politics.

Shaw then sponsored Besant to join the Fabian Society. The Fabians were defining political goals, rejecting anarchism inand forming the Fabian Parliamentary League, with both Besant and Shaw on its Council which promoted political candidacy. Besant agreed to appear as a speaker at a meeting on 13 November. The police tried to stop the assembly, fighting broke out, and troops were called.

Many were hurt, one man died, and hundreds were arrested; Besant offered herself for arrest, an offer disregarded by the police. Besant threw herself into organising legal aid for the jailed workers and support for their families. Besant's involvement in the London matchgirls strike of came after a Fabian Society talk that year on female labour by Clementina Black.

She was drawn further into this battle of the "New Unionism" by a young socialist, Herbert Burrowswho had made contact with workers at the factory, in Bow. They were mainly young women, were very poorly paid, and subject to occupational disease, such as Phossy jaw caused by the chemicals used in match manufacture. William Morris played some part in converting Besant to Marxism, but it was to the Social Democratic Federation of Hyndman, not his Socialist League, that she turned in She remained a member for a number of years and became one of its leading speakers.

She was still a member of the Fabian Society, the two movements being compatible at the time. Besant was elected to the London School Board in Besant drove about with a red ribbon in her hair, speaking at meetings. She combined her socialist principles with feminism:. This group, at the South Place Ethical Societyhad a national standing.

She wrote in the National Reformer :. Now the care of thechildren of London is placed partly in my hands. Besant was further involved in the London dock strike of The dockers, casual workers who were employed by the day, were led by Ben Tillett in a struggle for the "Dockers' Tanner". Besant helped Tillett draw up the union's rules and played an important part in the meetings and agitation which built up the organisation.

She spoke for the dockers at public meetings and on street corners. Like the match-girls, the dockers won public support for their struggle, and the strike was won. After reading it, she sought an interview with its author, meeting Blavatsky in Paris. In this way, she was converted to Theosophy. She allowed her membership of the Fabian Society to lapse and broke her links with the Marxists.

Inshe described herself as "marching toward the Theosophy" that would be the "glory" of her life. Besant had found the economic side of life lacking a spiritual dimension, so she searched for a belief based on "Love". She found this in Theosophy, so she joined the Theosophical Society, a move that distanced her from Bradlaugh and other former activist co-workers.

Insoon after becoming a member of the Theosophical Society, she went to India for the first time. Following the split, Besant devoted much of her energy not only to the society but also to India's freedom and progress. Besant Nagara neighbourhood near the Theosophical Society in Chennai, is named in her honour. Besant saw freemasonry, in particular Co-Freemasonryas an extension of her interest in the rights of women and the greater brotherhood of man and saw co-freemasonry as a "movement which practised true brotherhood, in which women and men worked side by side for the perfecting of humanity.

The link was made in by the theosophist Francesca Arundale, who accompanied Besant to Paris, along with six friends. They became close co-workers in the theosophical movement and would remain so for the rest of their lives. Leadbeater claimed clairvoyance and reputedly helped Besant become clairvoyant herself in the following year. In a letter dated 25 August to Francisca Arundale, Leadbeater narrates how Besant became clairvoyant.

Together they clairvoyantly investigated the universe, matter, thought-forms, and the history of mankind, and co-authored a book called Occult Chemistry. In Leadbeater became the centre of controversy when it emerged that he had advised the practice of masturbation to some boys under his care and spiritual instruction. Leadbeater stated he had encouraged the practice to keep the boys celibate, which was considered a prerequisite for advancement on the spiritual path.

The next year Besant became president of the society and inwith her express support, Leadbeater was readmitted to the society. Leadbeater went on to face accusations of improper relations with boys, but none of the accusations were ever proven and Besant never deserted him. Until Besant's presidency, the society had as one of its foci Theravada Buddhism and the island of Sri Lankawhere Henry Olcott did the majority of his useful work.

Besant set up a new school for boys, the Central Hindu College CHC at Banaras which was formed on underlying theosophical principles, and which counted many prominent theosophists in its staff and faculty. Its aim was to build a new leadership for India. The students spent 90 minutes a day in prayer and studied religious texts, but they also studied modern science.

It took 3 years to raise the money for the CHC, most of which came from Indian princes. Besant and fellow trustees of the Central Hindu College also agreed to the Government of India's biography of annie besant wikipedia in hindi that the college should become a part of the new University. Blavatsky had stated in that the main purpose of establishing the society was to prepare humanity for the future reception of a "torch-bearer of Truth", an emissary of a hidden Spiritual Hierarchy that, according to theosophists, guides the evolution of mankind.

Insoon after Besant's assumption of the presidency, Leadbeater "discovered" fourteen-year-old Jiddu Krishnamurti —a South Indian boy who had been living, with his father and brother, on the grounds of the headquarters of the Theosophical Society at Adyarand declared him the probable "vehicle" for the expected " World Teacher ". It also started years of upheaval and contributed to splits in the Theosophical Society and doctrinal schisms in theosophy.

Following the discovery, Jiddu Krishnamurti and his younger brother Nityananda "Nitya" were placed under the care of theosophists and Krishnamurti was extensively groomed for his future mission as the new vehicle for the "World Teacher". Besant soon became the boys' legal guardian with the consent of their father, who was very poor and could not take care of them.

However, his father later changed his mind and began a legal battle to regain guardianship, against the will of the boys. His biological mother had died when he was ten years old. Intwenty years after his "discovery", Krishnamurti, who had grown disenchanted with the World Teacher Projectrepudiated the role that many theosophists expected him to fulfil.

He dissolved the Order of the Star in the Eastan organisation founded to assist the World Teacher in his mission, and eventually left the Theosophical Society and theosophy at large. His love for Besant never waned, as also was the case with Besant's feelings towards him; [ 82 ] concerned for his wellbeing after he declared his independence, she had purchased 6 acres 2.

As early as Besant had written that "India is not ruled for the prospering of the people, but rather for the profit of her conquerors, and her sons are being treated as a conquered race. She had joined the Indian National Congress. As the name suggested, this was originally a debating body, which met each year to consider resolutions on political issues.

Mostly it demanded more of a say for middle-class Indians in British Indian biography of annie besant wikipedia in hindi. It had not yet developed into a permanent mass movement with a local organisation. About this time her co-worker Leadbeater moved to Sydney. Echoing an Irish nationalist slogan, Besant declared, "England's need is India's opportunity".

As editor of the New India newspaper, she attacked the colonial government of India and called for clear and decisive moves towards self-rule. As with Ireland, the government refused to discuss any changes while the war lasted. This was the first political party in India to have regime change as its main goal. Unlike the Congress itself, the League worked all year round.

It built a structure of local branches, enabling it to mobilise demonstrations, public meetings, and agitations. In JuneBesant was arrested and interned at a hill stationwhere she defiantly flew a red and green flag. The government was forced to give way and to make vague but significant concessions. It was announced that the ultimate aim of British rule was Indian self-government, and moves in that direction were promised.

Besant was freed in Septemberwelcomed by crowds all over India, [ 86 ] [ 87 ] and in December she took over as president of the Indian National Congress for a year. After the war, a new leadership of the Indian National Congress emerged around Mahatma Gandhi — one of those who had written to demand Besant's release. He was a lawyer who had returned from leading Asians in a peaceful struggle against racism in South Africa.

Jawaharlal NehruGandhi's closest collaborator, had been educated by a theosophist tutor. The new leadership was committed to action that was both militant and non-violent, but there were differences between them and Besant. Despite her past, she was not happy with their socialist leanings. Until the end of her life, however, she continued to campaign for India's independence, not only in India but also on speaking tours of Britain.

She produced a torrent of letters and articles demanding independence. Besant tried as a person, theosophist, and president of the Theosophical Society, to accommodate Krishnamurti's views into her life, without success; she vowed to personally follow him in his new direction although she apparently had trouble understanding both his motives and his new message.

Inshe became ill in India. Her body was cremated. She was survived by her daughter, Mabel. Besides being a prolific writer, Besant was a "practised stump orator " who gave sixty-six public lectures in one year. She also engaged in public debates. On 1 Octobersearch engine Google commemorated Annie Besant with a Doodle on her th birth anniversary.

Google commented: "A fierce advocate of Indian self-rule, Annie Besant loved the language, and over a lifetime of vigorous study cultivated tremendous abilities as a writer and orator. She published mountains of essays, wrote a textbook, curated anthologies of classic literature for young adults and eventually became editor of the New India newspaper, a periodical dedicated to the cause of Indian Autonomy".

In his book, Rebels Against the RajRamchandra Guha tells the story of how Besant and six other foreigners served India in its quest for independence from the British Raj. Besant appears as a character in the children's novel Billy and the Match Girl by Paul Hastonabout the matchgirls' strike. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk.

Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote Wikisource Wikidata item. English writer and activist — Frank Besant. Leadbeater G. Mead Arthur E. Root races Seven rays Theosophical mysticism. Lucifer Sunrise The Theosophist. Early life [ edit ]. Failure of the marriage [ edit ].

Reformer and secularist [ edit ]. Criticism of Christianity [ edit ]. The Fruits of Philosophy [ edit ]. Radical causes [ edit ]. Personal life [ edit ]. Fabian Society — [ edit ]. Theosophy [ edit ]. Co-freemasonry [ edit ]. President of Theosophical Society [ edit ].

Biography of annie besant wikipedia in hindi

Home Rule movement [ edit ]. Later years and death [ edit ]. Works [ edit ]. Recognition in popular media [ edit ]. See also [ edit ]. References [ edit ]. Archived from the original on 14 November Retrieved 16 January Archived from the original on 3 December Retrieved 11 October The Besant Pedigree. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed.

Oxford University Press. Subscription or UK public library membership required. Wipf and Stock Publishers. April ISBN Anthem Press. Annie Besant : an autobiography. London : T. Fisher Unwin. British Journal of Law and Society. ISSN JSTOR Archived from the original on 20 June Retrieved 20 June A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.

BoD — Books on Demand. London: T. Historic Fredericksburg; the story of an old town. Richmond, Va. The First Fabians. London: Quartet Books. Who's Who. Annie Besant. Joseph Arch. The story of his life. London: Hutchinson. Theosophical Publishing House Limited. The Story of Fabian Socialism. University Press. Chapter VII. Academia Press. Besant, Annie; Bradlaugh, Charles eds.

Fruits of philosophy: a treatise on the population question. San Francisco: Reader's Library. OCLC Archived from the original on 15 April Retrieved 18 May A publication about birth control. View original copy. Autobiographical sketches. Freethought Publishing. OL M. Ernestine L. Rose: To Change a Nation. November